Pendampingan Penyusunan Birth Plan dan Kesiapan Menghadapi Persalinan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35730/jk.v12i3.569Kata Kunci:
Birth Plan, Kesiapan, PersalinanAbstrak
Pendidikan antenatal merupakan hal yang esensial dalam mempersiapkan perempuan untuk melahirkan. Kelas ibu hamil menjadi salah satu sarana untuk integrasi birth plan dalam pendidikan antenatal. Integrasi ini bertujuan memberdayakan perempuan dalam menentukan pilihan sendiri untuk kehamilan, persalinan dan pascasalin yang akan dilalui. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pendampingan penyusunan birth plan dalam kelas ibu hamil terhadap kesiapan ibu menghadapi persalinan. Penelitian quasi eksperimen ini menggunakan rancangan one group pre test-post test design. Tempat penelitian ini adalah Puskesmas di Kabupaten Agam pada tahun 2021. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah semua wanita usia subur yang mengikuti kelas ibu hamil di Puskesmas dengan teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu cluster random sampling sebanyak 10 orang. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah kuesioner kesiapan menghadapi persalinan dan kartu birth plan. Analisis data menggunakan uji paired sample t- test. Pada uji t didapatkan hasil p value adalah 0,001 sehingga disimpulkan bahwa pendampingan penyusunan birth plan dalam kelas ibu hamil mempunyai pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kesiapan ibu dalam menghadapi persalinan. Perlu adanya variasi dan inovasi dalam pemberian edukasi antenatal khususnya untuk pendampingan penyusunan birth plan sehingga meningkatkan kesiapan ibu dalam menghadapi persalinan.
Â
The importance of antenatal education in preparing women for childbirth cannot be overstated. One way to incorporate birth plans into antenatal education is to hold an antenatal class. This integration strives to empower women in their pregnancy, delivery, and postpartum decisions. The goal of this study was to analyze how support in formulating a birth plan in an antenatal class affects moms' preparation to give birth. A one-group pre-test-post-test design was used in this quasi-experimental study. Public Health Center in Agam Regency in 2021 were the site of this study. All women of reproductive age who took antenatal class were included in this study, with cluster random sampling of up to ten participants used as the sampling technique. Questionnaires assessing preparedness for childbirth and birth plan cards were utilized as instruments. The paired sample t-test was used to analyze the data. The p value for the t-test was 0.001, indicating that assistance in the formulation of a birth plan in the class of pregnant women had a substantial impact on the mother's readiness to face childbirth. Variations and innovations in antenatal education are essentially needed, particularly for the formulation of birth plans, in order to increase the mother’s readiness in delivery and labor.
Referensi
M. Barimani, K. Forslund Frykedal, M. Rosander, and A. Berlin, “Childbirth and parenting preparation in antenatal classes,†Midwifery, vol. 57, no. December, pp. 1–7, 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.midw.2017.10.021.
M. Suárez-Cortés, D. Armero-Barranco, M. Canteras-Jordana, and M. E. MartÃnez-Roche, “Use and influence of delivery and birth plans in the humanizing delivery process,†Rev. Lat. Am. Enfermagem, vol. 23, no. 3, pp. 520–526, 2015, doi: 10.1590/0104-1169.0067.2583.
Kemenkes RI, “Pedoman Pelaksanaan Kelas Ibu Hamil,†Kementrian Kesehat. RI, pp. 1–26, 2011.
H. M. C. J, “Birth Planning for Midwives and Mothers,†British Journal of Midwifery. 16(9): 583-587, 2016.
E. A. Udofia, S. A. Obed, B. N. L. Calys-Tagoe, and K. P. Nimo, “Birth and emergency planning: a cross sectional survey of postnatal women at Korle Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana.,†Afr. J. Reprod. Health, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 27–40, 2013.
A. C. of N.- Midwives, “Share with Women What is a birth plan ?,†J. Midwifery Women’s Heal., vol. 59, no. 2, pp. 227–228, 2014.
W. C. Budin, “Where to Give Birth,†J. Perinat. Educ., vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 127–129, 2013, doi: 10.1891/1058-1243.22.3.127.
T. Deave, D. Johnson, and J. Ingram, “BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth early parenthood,†vol. 11, pp. 1–11, 2008, doi: 10.1186/1471-2393-8-30.
V. Shastri and S. Ganguly, “Birth Preparedness for Safe Delivery, Readiness Planning and Associated Factors Among Mothers in North India: A Cross-Sectional Study in Bihar, India,†SSRN Electron. J., no. October, 2019, doi: 10.2139/ssrn.3468449.
J. A. Beggs and M. Colleen Stainton, “Eat, Drink, and Be Labouring?,†J. Perinat. Educ., vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 1–13, 2002, doi: 10.1624/105812402x88551.
C. Lutter, “Early initiation of breastfeeding: the key to survival and beyond,†Pediatrics, vol. 117, no. 3, pp. 1–8, 2006.
S. M. Mutiso, Z. Qureshi, and J. Kinuthia, “Birth preparedness among antenatal clients,†East Afr. Med. J., vol. 85, no. 6, pp. 275–283, 2008, doi: 10.4314/eamj.v85i6.9625.
Amal Hussain Farahat; Hanan El Sayed Mohammed; Shadia Abd ELkader; Amina; El-Nemer, “Effect of Implementing A Birth Plan on Womens ’ Childbirth Experiences and Maternal & Neonatal Outcomes,†vol. 6, no. 6, pp. 24–32, 2015.
F. W. Ngai, S. W. C. Chan, and W. Y. Ip, “The effects of a childbirth psychoeducation program on learned resourcefulness, maternal role competence and perinatal depression: A quasi-experiment,†Int. J. Nurs. Stud., vol. 46, no. 10, pp. 1298–1306, 2009, doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2009.03.007.
A. H. S. S. N. A. S. Helk, “Women with a Fear of Childbirth,†njn sage pub J., no. 3, pp. 13–15, 2015.
S. C. Kuo et al., “Evaluation of the effects of a birth plan on Taiwanese women’s childbirth experiences, control and expectations fulfilment: A randomised controlled trial,†Int. J. Nurs. Stud., vol. 47, no. 7, pp. 806–814, 2010, doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2009.11.012.
E. A. Yam, A. A. Grossman, L. A. Goldman, and S. G. GarcÃa, “Introducing birth plans in Mexico: An exploratory study in a hospital serving low-income Mexicans,†Birth, vol. 34, no. 1, pp. 42–48, 2007, doi: 10.1111/j.1523-536X.2006.00124.x.
Paulina G; Perez, “Writing for the PRO position :,†Am. J. Matern. Nursing., vol. 30, no. 5, pp. 288–289, 2005.
A. Oweis, “Jordanian mother’s report of their childbirth experience: Findings from a questionnaire survey,†Int. J. Nurs. Pract., vol. 15, no. 6, pp. 525–533, 2009, doi: 10.1111/j.1440-172X.2009.01774.x.
E. R. Declercq, C. Sakala, M. P. Corry, and S. Applebaum, “Listening to Mothers II: Report of the Second National U.S. Survey of Women’s Childbearing Experiences,†J. Perinat. Educ., vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 9–14, 2007, doi: 10.1624/105812407x244769.
