KEEFEKTIFAN SERTRALIN DAN LITHIUM DALAM MEMPERBAIKI DEFISIT KOGNITIF PASIEN SKIZOFRENIA

Siti Wahyuni, Mardiatmi Susilohati, Adriesti Herdaetha

Abstract


Latar Belakang Masalah: Skizofrenia merupakan penyakit kronis kambuhan yang secara progresif menurukan fungsi kognitif. Beberapa penelitian menunjukan bahwa pemberian sertralin atau lithium mampu memperbaiki defisit kognitif pada pasien dengan skizofrenia.

Tujuan: Membandingkan keefektifan sertraline dengan lithium sebagai terapi tambahan untuk memperbaiki defisit kognitif pasien skizofrenia.

Metode: Penelitian klinis quasi experimental pada pasien skizofrenia rawat inap yang menerima terapi standar. Subyek penelitian ini dikelompokkan menjadi kelompok kontrol (terapi standar), sertraline 50mg/g, dan lithium 400mg/g. Pengukuran defisit kognitif dengan menggunakan skor Schizophrenia Cognition Rating Scale (ScoRSvI) versi Indonesia dilakukan pada saat sebelum perlakuan, minggu ke-2, dan minggu ke-4. Semua data dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan SPSS 22, signifikan jika P<0.05.

Hasil: Penelitian ini melibatkan 19 pasien di tiap kelompok. Pada minggu ke-4, kelompok lithium memiliki skor SCoRSvI terendah (3.47±1.07) yang kemudian diikuti oleh sertralin (4.21±1.08) dan kontrol (5.32±1.38) dengan nilai p<0,001. Terdapat pula perbedaan penurunan SCoRSvI antar kelompok yang signfikan pada selisih minggu ke-4 dan minggu ke-2 (T2-T1, p=0,011), serta pada selisih minggu ke-4 dan baseline (T2-T0, p=0,004). Tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara lithium dengan sertralin dalam menurunkan nilai SCoRSvI baik pada minggu ke-4 dengan minggu ke-2 (T2-T1) p= 0,350 dan minggu ke-4 dengan baseline (T2-T0) p= 0,187.

Simpulan: Baik sertralin maupun lithium sebagai terapi tambahan untuk pasien skizofrenia lebih efektif dibandingkan terapi standar saja dalam memperbaiki defisit kognitif. Keefektifan sertralin dan lithium secara statistik tidak berbeda.


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.35730/jk.v13i3.906

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